Kiribati Travel Guide 2024
Welcome to the enchanting islands of Kiribati, a hidden gem in the heart of the Pacific Ocean. This comprehensive travel guide will provide you with all the essential information you need to plan an unforgettable journey to this remote and culturally rich destination in 2024.
Planning Your Trip
Embarking on a journey to the remote islands of Kiribati requires meticulous planning to ensure a seamless and rewarding travel experience. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you prepare for your Kiribati adventure:
Research and Inspiration:
Begin by delving into the unique allure of Kiribati. Explore online resources, travel blogs, and documentaries showcasing the pristine beaches, vibrant culture, and captivating history of this island nation. Identify the specific islands and attractions that pique your interest, shaping your ideal itinerary.
Best Time to Visit:
Kiribati boasts a tropical climate with year-round warm temperatures. However, the most favorable time to visit is during the dry season, which typically spans from May to October. During these months, you can expect lower humidity, minimal rainfall, and optimal conditions for outdoor activities.
Budgeting for Your Trip:
Kiribati offers a range of accommodation options, from modest guesthouses to more upscale resorts. Consider your preferred level of comfort and budget accordingly. Keep in mind that imported goods can be expensive, so factor in meals, transportation, and activities when estimating your expenses.
Booking Flights and Accommodation:
Due to the limited flight schedules to Kiribati, it’s essential to book your flights and accommodation well in advance, especially during peak seasons. Research flight options from major hubs and compare prices to secure the most favorable deals.
Travel Insurance:
Comprehensive travel insurance is paramount for any international trip, including Kiribati. Ensure your policy covers medical emergencies, trip cancellations, lost baggage, and other unforeseen circumstances that could arise during your travels.
By investing time in meticulous planning, you can embark on a well-organized and unforgettable journey to the captivating islands of Kiribati.
Visa Requirements for Kiribati
Before embarking on your journey to the captivating islands of Kiribati, it is essential to ensure you meet the necessary visa requirements for entry. The following information provides a comprehensive guide to Kiribati’s visa policies:
Visa Exemptions:
Citizens of certain countries are eligible for visa-free entry into Kiribati for a specific period. These countries include but are not limited to Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, and most European Union nations. However, it is crucial to verify the duration of stay permitted for your nationality with the nearest Kiribati embassy or consulate.
Visa on Arrival:
Nationals of several countries can obtain a visa on arrival at the main port of entry, which is typically Bonriki International Airport in Tarawa. This visa is usually valid for a limited stay, often up to 30 days. To obtain a visa on arrival, you must present a valid passport with at least six months of remaining validity, proof of onward travel arrangements, and sufficient funds to cover your stay.
Pre-arranged Visa:
If your country is not eligible for visa-free entry or visa on arrival, you must apply for a visa in advance through the nearest Kiribati embassy or consulate. The visa application process typically involves submitting a completed application form, your passport with sufficient validity, passport-sized photographs, proof of travel itinerary, and evidence of financial means. It is advisable to apply well in advance of your intended travel dates, as visa processing times can vary.
For the most up-to-date and accurate information on visa requirements for Kiribati, it is essential to consult with the nearest Kiribati embassy or consulate in your country of residence or visit their official website. By ensuring you possess the correct visa documentation, you can navigate the entry process smoothly and embark on your Kiribati adventure with peace of mind.
Best Time to Visit Kiribati
Kiribati, an equatorial island nation, experiences a tropical climate year-round, characterized by warm temperatures and ample sunshine. However, the best time to visit Kiribati is during the dry season, which typically spans from May to October. This period offers the most favorable weather conditions for exploring the islands’ pristine beaches, engaging in water activities, and immersing yourself in the local culture.
Dry Season (May to October):
During the dry season, Kiribati enjoys lower humidity levels, minimal rainfall, and clear blue skies. The average temperatures range from 25 to 30 degrees Celsius (77 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit), creating ideal conditions for swimming, snorkeling, diving, and other water sports. The calmer ocean waters during this time also make it an excellent period for island hopping and exploring the outer atolls.
Wet Season (November to April):
The wet season in Kiribati is characterized by higher humidity, increased rainfall, and the possibility of tropical storms. While the rain showers are often brief and heavy, they can sometimes disrupt travel plans. However, the wet season also brings lush vegetation, vibrant flora, and a unique charm to the islands.
Shoulder Seasons (April-May and October-November):
The shoulder seasons, bridging the dry and wet periods, offer a balance of favorable weather and fewer crowds. During these months, you can often find lower prices for flights and accommodation while still enjoying pleasant temperatures and a mix of sunshine and occasional showers.
Ultimately, the best time to visit Kiribati depends on your personal preferences and travel priorities. If you prioritize sunshine, dry weather, and optimal conditions for water activities, the dry season is ideal. However, if you are comfortable with the possibility of rain and prefer a more tranquil ambiance, the wet season or shoulder seasons can offer a unique and rewarding experience.
Getting to Kiribati
Reaching the remote islands of Kiribati requires careful planning and consideration of limited flight options. Here’s a comprehensive guide to navigating your way to this secluded Pacific paradise:
International Flights:
Kiribati’s primary international gateway is Bonriki International Airport (TRW), located on the island of Tarawa. Several airlines operate flights to Bonriki International Airport, including Fiji Airways, Nauru Airlines, and Air Kiribati. Major connecting hubs for flights to Kiribati include Nadi (Fiji), Brisbane (Australia), and Honolulu (Hawaii, USA).
Connecting Flights:
Due to the limited number of direct international flights, most travelers will need to book connecting flights through one of the aforementioned hubs. When planning your itinerary, factor in potential layover times and ensure ample time for connections to avoid any unforeseen delays.
Domestic Flights within Kiribati:
Once you arrive in Tarawa, Air Kiribati, the national carrier, operates domestic flights to several outer islands. These flights typically use smaller aircraft and may have limited schedules. It’s advisable to book domestic flights well in advance, especially during peak seasons or if traveling to more remote atolls.
Sea Transportation:
While air travel is the most common way to get around Kiribati, some inter-island travel options are available. Ferries and cargo ships operate between certain islands, offering a more budget-friendly but time-consuming alternative. However, schedules can be irregular, and journeys can be lengthy, so plan accordingly.
Before finalizing your travel arrangements, verifying flight schedules, availability, and any potential travel advisories or restrictions is essential. Consulting with a reputable travel agent specializing in Pacific destinations can provide invaluable assistance in navigating the logistics of reaching Kiribati.
Getting Around Kiribati
Navigating the islands of Kiribati presents a unique blend of options, each offering a glimpse into the nation’s tranquil pace of life and captivating landscapes. Whether exploring the main island of Tarawa or venturing to the outer atolls, understanding the various transportation methods is essential for a seamless journey.
Domestic Flights:
Air Kiribati, the national airline, connects the scattered islands of Kiribati with scheduled flights. These air services, often utilizing smaller aircraft, provide a convenient and efficient way to traverse the vast distances between atolls. Booking flights in advance is recommended, especially during peak seasons, to secure your preferred itinerary.
Island Hopping by Boat:
For those seeking a more adventurous mode of travel, island hopping by boat offers a unique perspective of Kiribati’s pristine waters and scattered islets. Ferries and cargo ships operate between some islands, providing a budget-friendly alternative, albeit with longer travel times and potentially irregular schedules. This option is best suited for flexible travelers seeking an immersive experience.
Transportation on Tarawa:
On Tarawa, the most populous island, public buses provide an affordable and efficient way to navigate between villages and points of interest. These buses follow designated routes and operate on a frequent schedule. Alternatively, taxis are readily available for hire, offering a more direct and comfortable mode of transportation, particularly for shorter distances.
Bicycle Rental:
Exploring the smaller islands or simply enjoying a leisurely ride along the coastline can be enhanced by renting a bicycle. Some guesthouses and tour operators offer bicycle rentals, providing a fantastic opportunity to experience the local lifestyle at your own pace and discover hidden gems off the beaten path.
As you navigate the diverse landscapes of Kiribati, embracing the various transportation options adds another layer to your journey, allowing you to fully appreciate the beauty and tranquility of this captivating island nation.
Accommodation in Kiribati
Accommodation in Kiribati reflects the islands’ serene ambiance and authentic character, offering a range of choices to suit various budgets and preferences. From modest guesthouses to intimate bungalows nestled along pristine shores, each option provides a unique glimpse into the islands’ tranquil lifestyle.
Guesthouses:
For budget-conscious travelers seeking an immersive cultural experience, locally run guesthouses are an excellent choice. These accommodations typically feature simple yet comfortable rooms, often with shared bathroom facilities. Staying in a guesthouse provides the opportunity to interact with local families and savor home-cooked meals, offering a genuine taste of Kiribati hospitality.
Bungalows and Lodges:
For those desiring a touch of luxury and seclusion, Kiribati offers charming bungalows and lodges, often situated on secluded beaches or overlooking tranquil lagoons. These accommodations typically feature private balconies or patios, offering breathtaking views and a serene escape. Many bungalows and lodges also provide access to water sports equipment, allowing guests to fully embrace the islands’ aquatic wonders.
Hotels:
While limited in number, several hotels on the main island of Tarawa cater to business travelers and those seeking more comprehensive amenities. These hotels typically offer air-conditioned rooms, on-site restaurants, and other conveniences such as swimming pools and business centers. Choosing a hotel provides a comfortable and familiar base for exploring the surrounding area.
Home Stays:
For a truly immersive cultural experience, consider a home stay with a local family. This unique form of accommodation allows you to engage directly with Kiribati culture, traditions, and daily life. Home stays often include meals, providing an opportunity to savor authentic Kiribati cuisine and experience the warmth and generosity of the local people.
When selecting accommodation in Kiribati, it is essential to book in advance, especially during peak season, as options can be limited. Whether you prioritize budget-friendly simplicity or seek a luxurious retreat, Kiribati’s accommodations offer a peaceful haven to complement your island adventure.
Kiribati: Top Tourist Destinations
Scattered across the vast expanse of the Pacific Ocean, Kiribati’s islands and atolls beckon with pristine beaches, vibrant coral reefs, and a captivating cultural tapestry. Whether you seek relaxation, adventure, or a glimpse into a unique way of life, these top tourist destinations in Kiribati offer unforgettable experiences:
Tarawa Atoll:
As the capital and main gateway to Kiribati, Tarawa offers a blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Explore the remnants of World War II battles at the Betio Island battlefields, immerse yourself in local life at the vibrant Tarawa Market, or unwind on the white-sand beaches of North Tarawa.
Christmas Island (Kiritimati):
Renowned as the world’s largest coral atoll by landmass, Christmas Island is a haven for wildlife enthusiasts and anglers. Witness the spectacular nesting grounds of seabirds, cast a line for bonefish in the pristine flats, or explore the island’s unique landscapes, shaped by ancient coral formations.
Fanning Island (Tabuaeran):
Escape to the tranquil shores of Fanning Island, a secluded paradise known for its pristine beaches, coconut plantations, and excellent snorkeling and diving opportunities. Explore the underwater world teeming with colorful coral and marine life, or simply relax on the powdery sands, embraced by swaying palm trees.
Abemama Atoll:
Journey to Abemama Atoll, steeped in history and tradition, and home to the iconic Buariki village, where Robert Louis Stevenson once resided. Discover ancient burial grounds, immerse yourself in local folklore, or witness the traditional dances and ceremonies that showcase Kiribati’s rich cultural heritage.
These top tourist destinations offer a glimpse into the diverse beauty and cultural richness of Kiribati. Whether you choose to explore the historical landmarks of Tarawa, witness the natural wonders of Christmas Island, or unwind on the secluded beaches of Fanning Island, Kiribati promises an unforgettable adventure.
Exploring Tarawa
As the vibrant heart of Kiribati, Tarawa offers a captivating blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. From remnants of World War II battles to bustling markets and tranquil beaches, exploring Tarawa provides a multifaceted glimpse into this island nation’s soul.
Historical Sites:
Journey through time as you visit the historical landmarks scattered across Tarawa. Explore the Betio Island battlefields, where fierce fighting took place during World War II, paying homage to the sacrifices made. Reflect at the poignant memorials dedicated to fallen soldiers, gaining a deeper understanding of this pivotal moment in history.
Cultural Immersion:
Immerse yourself in the vibrant energy of the Tarawa Market, a bustling hub of local life. Engage with friendly vendors selling fresh produce, seafood, and handcrafted souvenirs, experiencing the genuine warmth of Kiribati hospitality. Witness traditional crafts being made, gaining insight into the island’s cultural heritage.
Tranquil Escapes:
Escape the bustling center and discover the tranquility of Tarawa’s pristine beaches. Relax on the white sands of North Tarawa, where crystal-clear turquoise waters lap gently at the shore. Unwind beneath swaying palm trees, basking in the warm sunshine and embracing the serene ambiance of island life.
Island Cuisine:
Indulge in the flavors of Kiribati cuisine at local restaurants and eateries. Sample fresh seafood dishes, savor the unique taste of breadfruit prepared in various ways, and refresh yourself with coconut water straight from the source. Engage with local residents to discover hidden culinary gems and experience the true essence of Kiribati flavors.
Exploring Tarawa unveils a captivating blend of historical significance, cultural richness, and natural splendor. Embrace the opportunity to engage with friendly locals, delve into the island’s past, and create lasting memories as you discover the heart of Kiribati.
Discovering the Outer Islands
Venturing beyond the main island of Tarawa, Kiribati’s outer islands beckon with untouched beauty, pristine beaches, and a tranquil pace of life that embodies the essence of island living. Embark on an unforgettable journey of discovery to these secluded havens, where time seems to stand still.
Island Hopping Adventures:
Embrace the spirit of adventure and embark on an island-hopping excursion, navigating the azure waters between Kiribati’s scattered atolls. Each island boasts its own unique character and charm, from the vibrant coral reefs of Abaiang to the untouched serenity of Maiana. Discover hidden coves, encounter diverse marine life, and experience the true meaning of seclusion.
Unspoiled Natural Beauty:
Immerse yourself in the untouched natural splendor of the outer islands, where pristine white-sand beaches meet swaying coconut palms and crystal-clear turquoise waters stretch endlessly towards the horizon. Relax on secluded shores, feeling the soft sand between your toes and the gentle ocean breeze caress your skin. Witness breathtaking sunrises and sunsets, painting the sky in vibrant hues.
Cultural Encounters:
Embrace the opportunity to engage with the warm hospitality and rich cultural traditions of the outer islands’ communities. Witness traditional dances and ceremonies passed down through generations, providing a glimpse into Kiribati’s heritage. Learn about local fishing techniques, witness the crafting of intricate handicrafts, and gain a deeper appreciation for the islands’ unique way of life.
Off-Grid Escapes:
Embrace the tranquility of island life, disconnecting from the digital world and reconnecting with nature’s rhythms. Unwind in the simplicity of beachfront bungalows, where the gentle sound of the waves lulls you to sleep. Embrace the opportunity to disconnect, recharge, and create lasting memories in these secluded island havens.
Culture and Traditions
Kiribati’s cultural tapestry is woven with vibrant traditions, ancient customs, and a deep reverence for the natural world. As you journey through these captivating islands, embracing the opportunity to engage with the local culture will enrich your experience and leave a lasting impression.
The Essence of “Te Mauri”:
At the heart of Kiribati culture lies the concept of “Te Mauri,” encompassing the spiritual connection between the people, their environment, and their ancestors. This profound respect for the delicate balance of life is evident in their daily practices, customs, and celebrations.
Music and Dance:
Music and dance are integral expressions of Kiribati culture, often conveying stories, history, and emotions through rhythmic movements and harmonious melodies. Witness the captivating beauty of traditional dances like the “Te Mwaie,” where performers adorned with vibrant costumes move with grace and precision, evoking the spirit of Kiribati.
Craftsmanship and Artistry:
Discover the intricate craftsmanship passed down through generations of Kiribati artisans. Admire the intricate woven mats and baskets crafted from pandanus leaves, showcasing both practicality and artistry. Explore the unique designs of wooden carvings, often depicting marine life or ancestral figures, reflecting the islands’ deep connection to the ocean.
Respectful Engagement:
When engaging with local communities, approach with respect, humility, and a willingness to learn. Dress modestly, particularly when visiting villages or religious sites. Seek permission before taking photographs of individuals or ceremonies, and embrace the opportunity to participate in cultural exchanges, fostering a deeper understanding of Kiribati’s rich heritage.
By embracing the opportunity to engage with Kiribati’s culture and traditions, you’ll embark on a journey beyond the ordinary, fostering meaningful connections and creating memories that will last a lifetime.
Kiribati Cuisine: A Culinary Journey
Embark on a culinary adventure through the flavors of Kiribati, where the ocean’s bounty and the land’s richness intertwine to create a unique and satisfying gastronomic experience.
Fresh from the Ocean:
Given Kiribati’s intimate relationship with the Pacific Ocean, seafood takes center stage in its cuisine. Indulge in freshly caught tuna, prepared in various ways, from grilled to marinated in coconut milk. Savor the delicate flavors of crab, lobster, and octopus, often served with steamed breadfruit or taro.
Tropical Bounty:
The fertile lands of Kiribati yield a variety of tropical fruits and vegetables that add vibrant flavors and textures to local dishes. Sample the sweetness of ripe mangoes, papayas, and bananas. Enjoy the versatility of breadfruit, a starchy fruit often boiled, baked, or fried, serving as a staple accompaniment to savory dishes.
Coconut Creations:
The ubiquitous coconut plays a pivotal role in Kiribati cuisine, its versatility extending from creamy milk to sweet syrup. Savor the subtle sweetness of coconut milk-infused stews and curries. Indulge in “Te Bua Toro,” a traditional dessert made from grated coconut, sugar, and pandanus syrup, offering a delightful taste of Kiribati’s culinary heritage.
Culinary Etiquette:
When dining with local families, embrace the opportunity to partake in their customs. It’s considered polite to accept food and drink when offered, even if it’s a small portion. Meals are often communal, fostering a sense of togetherness and shared experience. Expressing gratitude for the meal is customary and demonstrates respect for their hospitality.
From the simplicity of fresh seafood grilled over an open fire to the intricate flavors of coconut-infused dishes, Kiribati cuisine offers a delightful and authentic taste of this island nation’s culinary traditions.
Water Activities in Kiribati
Embraced by the azure waters of the Pacific Ocean, Kiribati offers an aquatic playground for water enthusiasts and those seeking unparalleled marine encounters. From vibrant coral reefs teeming with marine life to tranquil lagoons perfect for leisurely swims, prepare to be captivated by the underwater wonders of this island nation.
Scuba Diving and Snorkeling:
Dive into a world of vibrant coral reefs, home to an astounding array of marine life. Explore underwater canyons, encounter schools of colorful fish, and witness the graceful movements of rays and reef sharks. Numerous dive operators offer guided excursions for all levels of experience, ensuring a safe and unforgettable underwater adventure.
Fishing Excursions:
Kiribati is a renowned destination for anglers, boasting an abundance of game fish in its pristine waters. Embark on a fishing charter and cast your line for bonefish, tuna, marlin, and other prized catches. Experienced local guides can provide insights into the best fishing spots and techniques, ensuring a rewarding and exhilarating experience.
Kayaking and Stand-Up Paddleboarding:
Explore the tranquil lagoons and mangrove-fringed coastlines of Kiribati at your own pace with a kayak or stand-up paddleboard. Glide through calm waters, observe marine life in their natural habitat, and discover hidden coves and secluded beaches. These activities offer a peaceful and immersive way to connect with the natural beauty of the islands.
Swimming and Relaxation:
Unwind on pristine white-sand beaches and take a refreshing dip in the crystal-clear turquoise waters that surround Kiribati’s islands. The calm lagoons offer safe and inviting swimming conditions, while the gentle ocean breeze provides a refreshing escape from the tropical sun. Bask in the serenity of these untouched shores, embracing the tranquility of island life.
Whether you seek adventure beneath the waves or prefer leisurely moments by the shore, Kiribati’s water activities offer a world of possibilities for all to enjoy.
Sustainable Tourism in Kiribati
As a nation intrinsically linked to the delicate balance of its natural environment, Kiribati embraces sustainable tourism practices that prioritize the preservation of its pristine ecosystems, cultural heritage, and the well-being of its communities. By choosing sustainable tourism options, travelers can contribute to the long-term health of this island nation and ensure its beauty remains for generations to come.
Supporting Local Businesses:
Opt for accommodations, tour operators, and businesses owned and operated by local communities. This directly benefits the local economy, empowers residents, and fosters a more authentic and culturally sensitive tourism experience.
Respecting Natural Resources:
Conserve precious resources such as water and energy by being mindful of your consumption habits. Opt for reusable water bottles and reduce waste by carrying a reusable bag for shopping and excursions. Respect wildlife and their habitats by observing from a distance and avoiding any actions that could disturb their natural behaviors.
Minimizing Environmental Impact:
Choose eco-friendly transportation options whenever possible, such as walking, cycling, or utilizing public transportation. Participate in reef-safe snorkeling and diving practices by avoiding contact with coral and using biodegradable sunscreen. Properly dispose of trash and recyclables in designated containers to minimize pollution.
Engaging Respectfully with Culture:
Approach cultural interactions with sensitivity, seeking permission before taking photographs and respecting local customs and traditions. Support local artisans by purchasing handicrafts directly from them, contributing to the preservation of their skills and cultural heritage.
By embracing these sustainable tourism practices, travelers can experience the beauty of Kiribati while contributing to its preservation, ensuring its pristine environment and vibrant culture continue to thrive.
Responsible Travel Tips
Traveling responsibly in Kiribati ensures your journey positively impacts the environment, culture, and communities you encounter. By adopting these mindful practices, you can contribute to a more sustainable and enriching travel experience for both yourself and the destination.
Respect Cultural Sensitivity:
Embrace the opportunity to learn about Kiribati’s cultural norms and traditions, approaching interactions with respect and humility. Dress modestly, particularly when visiting villages or religious sites. Seek permission before taking photographs of individuals and always ask before offering gifts, respecting local customs.
Support Local Economies:
Choose locally owned accommodations, tour operators, and restaurants, directly benefiting the Kiribati economy and empowering local communities. Purchase authentic handicrafts and souvenirs from local artisans, appreciating their skills and preserving cultural heritage.
Conserve Precious Resources:
Be mindful of your water and energy consumption, particularly on islands with limited resources. Opt for reusable water bottles and carry a reusable bag for shopping and excursions. Minimize waste by choosing products with minimal packaging and disposing of trash responsibly.
Protect the Pristine Environment:
Respect the delicate ecosystems of Kiribati by following designated trails and avoiding disturbing wildlife or their habitats. Use reef-safe sunscreen and avoid touching or standing on coral reefs while snorkeling or diving. Participate in beach cleanups or support local organizations working towards environmental conservation.
Engage in Meaningful Interactions:
Embrace opportunities to engage with local communities, sharing stories, and learning about their way of life. Participate in cultural exchanges, attend local events, and approach interactions with genuine interest and respect, fostering meaningful connections that enrich your travel experience.
By incorporating these responsible travel tips into your journey, you can contribute to a more sustainable and enriching experience for both yourself and the people of Kiribati.
Health and Safety
Prioritizing your health and safety while traveling in Kiribati ensures a smooth and enjoyable journey. By taking necessary precautions and being aware of potential health concerns, you can focus on experiencing the wonders of this island nation.
Vaccinations and Health Precautions:
Consult with your healthcare provider or a travel health clinic at least 6-8 weeks before your trip to ensure you are up-to-date on routine vaccinations. Additionally, discuss recommended vaccinations for Kiribati, which may include Hepatitis A and B, Typhoid, and Tetanus-diphtheria. Pack a well-stocked first-aid kit containing essential medications, insect repellent, sunscreen, and any personal prescriptions.
Food and Water Safety:
Consume bottled water or treat tap water before drinking to prevent waterborne illnesses. Choose food from reputable restaurants or vendors that maintain proper hygiene standards. Be cautious with consuming raw fruits and vegetables, opting for cooked dishes whenever possible.
Sun Protection and Heat Safety:
Kiribati’s tropical climate necessitates protection from the strong sun. Apply sunscreen with a high SPF, wear a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and lightweight, breathable clothing. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water, especially during outdoor activities. Be aware of the symptoms of heat exhaustion and heatstroke, seeking shade and medical attention if needed.
Water Safety:
When swimming or engaging in water activities, exercise caution, especially in areas with strong currents or rough surf. Follow safety guidelines provided by tour operators and always wear a life jacket when participating in water sports. Be aware of potential hazards such as coral reefs, marine life, and changing tides.
General Safety Precautions:
Be mindful of your belongings, particularly in crowded areas or when using public transportation. Avoid carrying large sums of cash and keep valuables secure. Familiarize yourself with local laws and customs, respecting cultural sensitivities to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience in Kiribati.